Characteristics of Electrons


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Characteristics of Electrons

Characteristics of Electrons:

  • Mass: The mass of an electon is about 1/1838 the mass of a hydrogen atom. The mass of a hydrogen atom is 1 amu (atomic mass unit), hence the relative mass of an electron is equal to 1/1838 amu. As you know, the atomic mass unit, or amu, is a unit of mass used to express relative atomic masses. It is equal to 1/12 of the mass of an atom of carbon -12 and is equal to large dpi{80} 1.660 ;X;10^{-27} kg. The absolute mass of an electron is large 9.109;times ; 10^{-28} g. Since this is negligibly small, the mass of an electron is assumed to be zero.
  • Charge: The electron is found to carry large 1.6 ;X; 10^{-19} C of negative charge. This quantity of charge has been shown to be the smallest negative charge carried by any particle. Thus, charge carried by an electron is taken to be a unit negative charge (i.e., -1).
  • Origin of Cathode Rays: The gas in the discharge tube is made up of atoms. All the atoms contain electrons. When high voltage is applied, the electrical energy knocks out some of the electrons from the atoms. These electrons constitute the cathode rays.

    Sample Questions
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    Question : 1

    Which of the following statement / statements are correct :

    (a) The mass of electron is equal to 9.1 X 10-31 kg.

    (b) The negatively charged particles are called electrons.

    Right Option : C
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    Question : 2

    The electron is found to carry _____________C of negative charge.

    Right Option : C
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    Question : 3

    Assertion (A): The total mass of the protons of a Boron atom is 6185 times the total mass of electrons.

    Reason (R): Mass of one proton is 1837 times the mass of electron.

    Right Option : D
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